1

• Modern scleractinian corals evolved during the Mesozoic Era.
• Pelecypods (phyllum Mollusca) replaced brachiopods as the dominant bivalve in the ocean during the Mesozoic
• Bivalved mollusks (clams, oysters) are the dominant bivalve of the Modern Fauna.
• Ceratites were the dominant externally shelled cephalopods during the Jurassic & Cretaceous.
• During the Mesozoic, new groups of planktonic microorganisms that secreted shells of silica & calcium carbonate were added to which kingdom(s) listed below?

  A. Plantae B. Animalia C. Monera D. Protista E. Both A. & B.

• What new group(s) of calcium carbonate secreting, reef building coelenterates developed during the Mesozoic?

  A. Tabulates B. Rugosans C. Scleratinians D. Rudists E. Both A. & B.

• During the Mesozoic, the class(es) of arthropods that was(were) particularly numerous consisted of the __________________.

  A. Insects B. Crustaceans C. Trilobites D. Euripterids E. Both A. & B.

• What group(s) of echinoderms became dominant during the Mesozoic?

  A. Blastoids B. Crinoids C. Cystoids D. Echinoids E. Both A. & B.

• _______________ are(is) the dominant echinoderm members of the Modern Fauna.

  A. Crinoids B. Blastoids C. Mick Jagger D. Echinoids E. Both A. & B.

2

• The groups of plants (coccolithophores & diatoms of the phytoplankton; angiosperms of the land plants) that dominate modern ecosystems evolved during the Paleozoic Era (that is, shortly after the Rolling Stones formed), although they did not becom e dominant until the Cenozoic.
• What new group(s) of land plants developed during the Mesozoic?

  A. Cycads B. Angiosperms C. Ginkoes D. Conifers E. Both A. & B.

• The last division (biological classification level) of land plants to evolve were ____________.

  A. Flowering Seed Plants (Angiosperms) B. Lycopods & Spenopsids C. Naked Seed Plants (Gymnosperms) D. Psilophytes E. True Ferns

• The last division (biological classification level) of land plants to evolve were __________________________.

3

• The only subclass of Reptiles with living members is Diapsida.
• Dinosaurs & mammals evolved at about the same time (in the Early Mesozoic Era - Triassic Period).
• All dinosaurs were slow, ponderous animals.
• Although dinosaurs evolved in the Triassic, they didn't begin to dominate the land fauna until the Jurassic.
• Dinosaurs were the dominant land vertebrates during the Jurassic & Cretaceous Periods.
• The erect stance characterizing dinosaur posture strongly supports their interpretation as cold-blooded reptiles.
• Dinosaurs were definitely cold-blooded (based on predator-prey ratios, their erect stance, bone structure, apparent growth pattern).
• Dinosaurs might have been warm-blooded (based on predator-prey ratios, their erect stance, bone structure, apparent growth pattern).
• Birds evolved from dinosaurs during the Jurassic Period.
• Birds evolved from dinosaurs during the Mesozoic Era.
• Mesozoic birds differ from modern birds because they had teeth & long tails.
• Marsupial mammals have never lived on any continent except Australia.
• Mesozoic mammals were small, nocturnal insectivores.
• Mesozoic mammals were large carnivorous animals.
• High concentrations of iridium are found ONLY at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary.
• The Cenozoic is called "the age of Mammals" because mammals evolved at the start of Tertiary.
• The Cenozoic Era is called "the age of Mammals" because mammals evolved at the start of Tertiary Period, 66 million years ago.
• The diversification of grasses during the Late Cenozoic had a profound effect on mammalian evolution.
• The diversification of grasses during the Late Cenozoic had no effect on mammalian evolution.
• What group(s) of terretrial reptiles dominated the Triassic land fauna?

  A. Therapsids B. Cotylosaurs C. Labyrinthodonts D. Dinosaurs E. Both A. & B.

• How do Late Mesozoic marine birds differ from modern birds?

  A. couldn't fly B. had tails C. had teeth D. were much larger E. didn't lay eggs

• The last class (biological classification level) of vertebrates to evolve were ____________.

  A. Reptiles B. Mammals C. Jawless Fish D. Birds E. Amphibians

• Different subclasses of reptiles are distinguished by differences in ___________ structure.
• Different orders of dinosaurs are distinguished by differences in _____________ structure.
• Different orders of mammals are distinguished by differences in ______________ structure.
• Dinosaurs & ____________________ (vertebrate class) evolved at about the same time (in the Early Mesozoic Era - Triassic Period).
• The last class (biological classification level) of vertebrates to evolve were _______________.
• Birds evolved from ___________________ during the Jurassic Period.
• The diversification of _____________________ (a type of flowering seed plant [angiosperm]) during the Late Cenozoic had a profound effect on mammalian evolution.
• BONUS #2: Answer the following multiple choice question for a 5 point bonus.
• ____1. What type of dinosaur did I show on the last day of class that I said would be on the final exam?

  A. Tyrannosaurus (a type of theropod) B. Triceratops (a type of ornithischian) C. Deinonychus (a type of theropod with a slashing toe claw) D. Brontosaurus (a type of sauropod) E. none of these