1 - General Saurischian
True-False
Saurischians are divided into 2 definite clades: Sauropodomorpha & Theropoda (although it is not clear what to do with Segnosauria).

Ankylosaurs, Ceratopsians, Ornithopods, Pachycephalosaurs and Theropods all had their maximum diversity during the Late Cretaceous.

2 - Theropods
True-False
All theropods were obligatory bipeds.

Interlocking zygopophyses in the back half of their tails resulted in Ceratosaurs having their stiff tails.
Ceratosaurs are noted for their stiff tails, which result from interlocking zygopophyses in the back half of their tails.

Coelurosaurs are a clade of birdlike forms that share a number of traits, especially a semilunate carpal bone.
A number of traits, especially a semilunate carpal bone, are shared by Coelurosaurs, a clade of birdlike forms.

Theropods had short femora compared to the rest of the hindlimb, indicating that they were generally fast runners.

Only dromeosaurids had sickle-shaped claws on their second toes.
Sickle-shaped claws on their second toes are possessed only by dromeosaurids.

No group of non-avian theropods lost many or all of their teeth.

Small theropods probably lived and hunted in packs.

Some theropods exhibit sexual dimorphism, with the larger form thought to be the female.

Multiple Choice
Theropods had their maximum diversity during the ______________________.
The maximum diversity of theropods was during the ______________________.
A. Late Triassic B. Early Jurassic C. Late Jurassic D. Late Cretaceous E. Both A. & B.

Which of the following families are not included in the clade Maniraptora?
The clade Maniraptora does not include which of the following families?
A. Dromeosauridae B. Ornithomimosauridae C. Oviraptoridae D. Tyrannosauridae E. none of these

The genus name of the beige skull on the left side of the table in front (item D) is ______. (Hint: it's the same genus as the dinosaur on my tie!)
______ is the genus name of the beige skull on the left side of the table in front (item D). (Hint: the dinosaur on my tie is the same genus!)
A. Velociraptor B. Tyrannosaurus C. Pachycephalosaurus D. Deinonychus E. none of these

Eggs thought to belong to Protoceratops for nearly 70 years are now attributed to ____________ based on embryos in eggs found in the early 1990's in the Gobi.
Based on embryos in eggs found in the early 1990's in the Gobi, eggs thought to belong to Protoceratops for nearly 70 years are now attributed to ____________.
A. Velociraptor B. Tyrannosaurus C. Triceratops D. Oviraptor E. none of these

3 - Birds
True-False
Archaeopteryx has only been found in the late Jurassic Solnhofern Limestone of Bavaria.

Birds evolved from dinosaurs during the Jurassic Period.
Birds evolved from dinosaurs during the Mesozoic Era.

Mesozoic birds differ from modern birds because they had teeth & long tails.

Whether or not coelurosaurs had clavicles has no bearing on the dinosaur - bird discussion.

A characteristic of theropods that made it easier for birds to develop flight was hollow bones.
Hollow bones are a characteristic of theropods that made it easier for birds to develop flight.

No dinosaurs had feathers.
Feathers were possessed by no dinosaur.

That theropods & birds are bipedal supports the arboreal, not the cursorial, hypothesis for the development of bird flight.
Support for the arboreal, not the cursorial, hypothesis for the development of bird flight comes from the fact that theropods & birds are bipedal.

Mononykus is from the Gobi and has a weird short, stout carpometacarpus.

Multiple Choice
_______________________ is the first fossil bird found and is also the oldest bird.
The first fossil bird found, which is also the oldest bird, is _______________________.
A. Archaeopteryx B. Hesperornis C. Mononykus D. Sinosauropteryx E. none of these

John Ostrom documented the relationship between Archaeopteryx and ______________.
The relationship between Archaeopteryx and _______ was documented by John Ostrom.
A. thecodonts B. pterosaurs C. crocodiles D. coelurosaurs E. none of these

Archaeopteryx has which of the following characteristics that differ from those of modern birds?
Which of the following characteristics possessed by Archaeopteryx differ from those of modern birds?
A. Teeth B. Long tail C. Three separate fingers D. A., B. & C. E. Feathers
How do Late Mesozoic marine birds differ from modern birds?
A. couldn't fly B. had tails C. had teeth D. were much larger E. didn't lay eggs

Support for the idea that feathers first developed for insulation & were adapted for flight later has recently been found in China & Mongolia in the form of _____________ .
___________________ has/have recently been found in Mongolia & China & support the idea that feathers first developed for insulation & were adapted for flight later.
A. Caudipteryx B. Protoarchaeopteryx C. Sinosauropteryx D. A., B. & C. E. Hesperornis
A. Sinornithosaurus B. Mononykus C. Caudipteryx D. Beipiaosaurus E. A., C. & D.

Fill in the Blank
Give a derived characteristic of birds: ________________________________________.

Birds evolved from ___________________ during the Jurassic Period.

 

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