True-False

No speciation events have ever been observed by biologists.

Biologists have never observed any speciation events.

In the example in your text for Centrosaurus apertus, even though the allele for a short horn is dominant, natural selection and non-random mating can increase the prevalence of the recessive long horn allele above its expected gene frequency.

Natural selection and non-random mating can increase the prevalence of the recessive long horn allele above its expected gene frequency, even though the allele for a short horn is dominant, in the example in your text for Centrosaurus apertus.

An example of a transitional fossil is Archaeopteryx.

Archaeopteryx is an example of a transitional fossil.

Amniotes are divided into 2 major clades: Synapsida and Reptilia.

Synapsida and Reptilia are the 2 major clades into which Amniotes are divided.

Dinosaurs and mammals evolved at about the same time (in the Late Triassic Period).

Dinosaurs & mammals evolved at about the same time (in the Late Triassic Period).

The presence of sharp, recurved teeth in the skull of Deinonychus at the front of the room indicates that this dinosaur was a member of the Archosauria and Diapsida. (Circle True or False to the left.)

That Deinonychus was a member of the Archosauria and Diapsida is indicated by the presence of sharp, recurved teeth in its skull at the front of the room. (Circle True or False to the left.)

Pterosauria and Dinosauria comprise Ornithodira.

Ornithodira consists of Pterosauria and Dinosauria.

Based on the structure of their skulls, dinosaurs are divided into 2 clades.

Dinosaurs are divided into 2 clades based on the structure of their skulls.

Eoraptor lunensis and Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, two of the first dinosaurs, are saurischians from the Ischagualasto Formation of Argentina, which is at least 227.8 ± 0.3 my old.

The Ischagualasto Formation of Argentina, which is at least 227.8 ± 0.3 my old, has yielded two of the first dinosaurs, Eoraptor lunensis and Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, which are saurischians.

The Ischagualasto Formation of Argentina, which is at least 227.8 ± 0.3 my old, also has yielded the oldest ornithischian, Pisanosaurus mertii. (Circle True or False to the left.)

The oldest ornithischian, Pisanosaurus mertii, comes from the Ischagualasto Formation of Argentina, which is at least 227.8 ± 0.3 my old. (Circle True or False to the left.)

Postosuchus, a non-dinosaur archosaur of the Triassic Period, tried to be a dinosaur, with hind legs directly underneath the body, in a very vertical, almost birdlike posture, he wasn’t able to be a dinosaur.

An animal that tried to be a dinosaur, with hind legs directly underneath the body, in a very vertical, almost birdlike posture, was Postosuchus, a non-dinosaur archosaur of the Triassic Period, but he wasn’t able to be a dinosaur.

Coelophysis and the dinosaurs of the Late Triassic Period shared a stance that involved moving the legs underneath the body, a stance that implies they were very agile terrestrial animals.

A stance that involved moving the legs underneath the body, a stance that implies they were very agile terrestrial animals was shared by Coelophysis and the dinosaurs of the Late Triassic Period.

Most of the creatures that survived the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event were large.

Large size was a major characteristic of most of the creatures that survived the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true about Natural Selection?

A. Individuals surviving to reproduce are those that are the best fighters.

B. Most offspring survive to maturity. D. all of these

C. There is natural variation among the individuals of a species. E. none of these

A. Individuals surviving to reproduce are those that are the best fighters.

B. Most offspring survive to maturity. D. all of these

C. There is natural variation among the individuals of a species. E. none of these

______________________ states that organisms show a directional trend toward larger body size in their lineages through time.

A. Marsh’s Law B. Darwin’s Postulate C. Cope’s Rule D. Brown’s Bet E. none of these

That organisms show a directional trend toward larger body size in their lineages through time is state by _______________.

A. Brown’s Bet B. Marsh’s Law C. Darwin’s Postulate D. Cope’s Rule E. none of these

The view that evolution occurs as rapid bursts of change followed by long periods of little or no change is called _________.

A. phyletic gradualism B. punctuated equilibrium C. adaptive radiation D. exaptation E. none of these

_______________ is the view that evolution occurs as rapid bursts of change followed by long periods of little or no change.

A. adaptive radiation B. exaptation C. phyletic gradualism D. punctuated equilibrium E. none of these

Which of the following statements is true about Herrerasaurus?

A. Dr. Paul Sereno and colleagues found a nearly complete skeleton of Herrerasaurus in NW Argentina in the foothills of the Andes Mountains.

B. Herrerasaurus is a primitive dinosaur that evolved in the late Triassic Period.

C. Herrerasaurus had a hinge in the middle of the lower jaw that allowed the front part of the lower jaw, which had the recurved teeth (showing Herrerasaurus to be a carnivore), to flex around a struggling prey. D. all of these E. none of these

A. Herrerasaurus is a primitive dinosaur that evolved in the late Triassic Period.

B. Herrerasaurus had a hinge in the middle of the lower jaw that allowed the front part of the lower jaw, which had the recurved teeth (showing Herrerasaurus to be a carnivore), to flex around a struggling prey.

C. Dr. Paul Sereno and colleagues found a nearly complete skeleton of Herrerasaurus in NW Argentina in the foothills of the Andes Mountains. D. all of these E. none of these

Fill in the Blank

A variation of a gene at any locus is called an ______________________________.

An ______________________________ is what a variation of a gene at any locus is called.