FALL 1996
GLY609
Marine Geology Test #1
I. History & Instruments. (15 Points). Match the name or instruments on the right with most closely associated statement on the left. Eleven (11) choices on the right will not be used.
| 1. Editor of the H. M. S. Challenger volumes | a. Bruce C. Heezen |
| 2. First submarine geologist & author of "Physical Geography of the Sea" | b. Maurice Ewing |
| 3. Cruise of this ship marks the beginning of modern oceanography | c. Francis Shepard |
| 4. Measured gravity from a submarine | d. Roger Revelle |
| 5. Founder of Lamont Geological Observatory | e. F. A. Vening Meinesz |
| 6. First used extensively at sea aboard the Meteor | f. Fridjof Nansen |
| 7. Instrument used to measure gravity | g. Alexander Agassiz |
| 8. Consists of distilled water surrounded by a coil of wire | h. Sir John Murray |
| 9. Useful in obtaining cores up to 20 meters long | i. C. Wyville Thomson |
| 10. Drills sediments in the deep sea | j. Matthew. F. Maury |
| 11. Author of the "Floor of The Oceans" map | k. Sir James Ross |
| 12. First accurate deep soundings | l. Captain James Cooke |
| 13. Series of excellent bathymetric maps of the deep ocean | m. founding members of JOIDES |
| 14. LDGO, WHOI, Scripps, University of Miami, & Oregon State University | n. Monaco |
| 15. Deep-diving submersible | o. echo sounder |
| p. seismic reflection profiler | |
| q. magnetometer | |
| r. gravimeter | |
| s. gravity corer | |
| t. piston corer | |
| u. DSRV Alvin | |
| v. H. M. S. Challenger | |
| w. D/V Glomar Challenger | |
| x. Fram | |
| y. U. S. S. Albatross | |
| z. Deutschland |
II. Instruments & Techniques. (15 Points)
1. In Fig. 1, the vertical & horizontal axes are in time
units. Assume the ship travelled at 10 knots while the profile
was being collected. On Fig. 1, label the vertical axis in meters,
the horizontal axis in kilometers, & calculate (& show
your calculation) the vertical exaggeration below. (4 pts.)
2. In Fig. 2, only the vertical axis is in time units. Label the
vertical axis in meters & calculate (& show your calculation)
the vertical exaggeration for Fig. 2. Which profile (1 or 2) has
the smallest vertical exaggeration? (4 pts.)
3. Do (& show) the following calculations concerned with Fig.
1. (3 pts.)
a. About how thick is the sediment column at 1720 on 10 April
in Fig. 1?
b. About how high above the adjacent seafloor is the feature between
0445 & 0545 on 10 April in Fig. 1?
c. What is the depth at the break in slope at 2135 on 11 April
in Fig. 1?
4. Do (& show) the following calculations concerned with Fig.
2. (4 pts.)
a. About how high above the adjacent seafloor is the feature at
mile 42 in Fig. 2?
b. What is the relief between the feature at mile 42 & the
trough at mile 52 in Fig. 2? (2 pts.)
c. What is the approximate average local relief of acoustic basement
in Fig. 2?
III. Morphology. (15 Points)
1. Label the continental shelf, slope, & rise and the shelf
break in Figure 1. (5 pts.)
2. Answer the following questions concerned with Fig. 1. (5 pts.)
a. Was the profile in Fig. 1 collected at low, temperate, or high
latitudes?
b. What is the feature between 0445 & 0545 on 10 April in
Fig. 1 called?
c. What does the rough reflector at ~7 seconds depth on the left
side of Fig. 1 (10 April) represent?
d. Why isn't this reflector visible on the right side of Fig.
1 (11 April)? (2 pts.)
3. Answer the following questions concerned with Fig. 2. (5 pts.)
a. What is the feature at mile 42 in Fig. 2 called?
b. Was it ever another feature? If so what? (2 pts.)
c. What morphologic province does the topography shown in Fig.
2 typify?
d. In what ocean was the profile in Fig. 2 probably recorded?
IV. Seafloor Spreading & Plate Tectonics (20
Points).
1. Where are slow-spreading ridges found?
2. Where are fast-spreading ridges found?
3. What spreading rate divides fast & slow ridges?
4. List 5 of the 7 major plates.
5. Fill in the blanks in the table below. The choices for each
row are listed below the table. For rows A. to C., each choice
will be used only once for each plate boundary type. For row D.,
one of the plate boundary types will use all 3 Earthquake Depths
choices. The other 2 plate boundary types will use only 1 choice.
A choice may be used more than once. [8 points]
| Plate Boundary Type |
|
|
|
| A. Volcanism | |||
| B. Igneous Rock Type | |||
| C. Seafloor Features | |||
| D. Earthquake Depths |
V. Structure of the Earth. (10 Points) - Sketch a cross-section
of the upper 700 km of the Earth showing the structure of the
Earth based both on composition & rigidity, & label each
layer.
VI. Additonal Item for GLY609 Students. - If you are registered for GLY609, do one of the following items in the space provided below. (10 points).
1. Compare and contrast the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the East
Pacific Rise in terms of elevation, width, relief, rift valley
characteristics and any other detail that you think important.
Use sketches if you wish.
2. Briefly describe how the Paleomagnetic Time Scale was extended
beyond the Gilbert Reversed Epoch. Include in your description,
the role of the drilling results of DSDP Leg 3 in the South Atlantic.
Use diagrams if you wish.
3. Briefly describe the data Alfred Wegener cited as evidence
supporting continental drift. Give examples of each.
BONUS: For 5 points of extra credit, make up your own question
on material not covered in this test & answer it.